Introduction to Electrical Studies for Solar PV There are several electrical studies that must be carried out before interconnecting or integrating an on-grid solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to the existing electricity grid system. These power system studies are categorized as grid impact studies and are usually part of a feasibility study for the construction of an on-grid solar PV system project. Electrical studies or power system study for solar PV systems include load or power flow analysis, short circuit analysis

What is Grid Impact Study? Technically definition of grid impact study is a study of impact in capacity and load of the main grid when being connected to a new or another source of electricity energy. In more complex term, grid impact study meaning is studies to provides an analytical framework for power system stakeholders to make decisions about interconnecting between different sources of electricity. Grid impact analysis study sometimes is also called as grid integration or interconnection study. The

What is Facade Lighting? Definition of facade lighting is a lighting technique and design to expose the beauty of the facade of a building, house or structure. There are 2 (two) types of facade lighting, natural lighting and artificial lighting. This article will only discuss artificial lighting for facade. Artificial lighting system is a light mechanism produced by light sources other than natural light (sun), but the light comes from human work such as lamps that illuminates the room or

Introduction to Solutions, Prevention & Control of Electrostatic Discharge In this article we will discuss short about solutions, prevention or protection and control of electrostatic discharge (ESD) —Omazaki Consulant is an ESD solution consultant that provides static electricity and electrostatic discharge (ESD) assessment, evaluation, audit, solutions (elimination or countermeasure), prevention and control program consulting services in Indonesia. Contact us by sending an email to cs@omazaki.co.id or by filling in the form in contact. This article is a series of several

Introduction to Causes and Effect of Electrostatic Discharge This article is a continuation of the previous Basic Static Electricity and Electrostatic Discharge article. This time we will outline a brief analysis of what of the common root causes analysis, effect, impact or danger of electrostatic discharge (ESD) on various sectors —Omazaki Consulant is an ESD consultant that provides static electricity and electrostatic discharge consulting services. Contact us by sending an email to cs@omazaki.co.id or by filling in the form in

What is Static Electricity & Electrostatic Discharge ? Static electricity is an imbalance of electrical charges within or on the surface of a material. And, what is electrostatic discharge? Electrostatic discharge (ESD) definition is a rapid, spontaneous transfer of electrostatic charge induced by a high electrostatic field. In this article we will discuss about what is and how static charge created then how static electric becomes electrostatic discharge —Omazaki Consulant is an ESD consultant that provides static electricity and electrostatic

Introduction to Electric Shock Protection Study Electric shock protection study is a study carried out to calculate and evaluation of maximum voltage the personnel may be exposed to (touch voltage), proper earthing system, current carrying capacity and size protective earthing (PE) cable, loop impedance, loop current, rating and disconnecting time of shock protection devices such as Ground Fault Current Interrupter (GFCI) or Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) or Residual Current Detector (RCD). Sometimes, shock protection analysis is include in load

What is Voltage Imbalance Study? Electric voltage imbalance study is an activity to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the voltage unbalance problem in an electrical power system. Voltage unbalance analysis studies help utility and industrial managers to understand the definition of a voltage imbalance, causes, effect or impact, and identify suitable mitigation techniques. This study is also an aspect of the Load Flow Study & Analysis and Electrical Power Quality Study — Omazaki Engineering is a consultant who serves voltage

What is Voltage Drop Study? Voltage drop study and analysis is activity to determine and analyze voltage and voltage drops profile in electricity circuit and network during normal and emergency operations. Voltage drop study is one of Power System Study series  which usually include in Load Flow Study and Analysis. Voltage drop study is one of the most basic and commonly needed electrical study. This study also has relation to cable specification design and Power Quality Study — Omazaki Engineering

What is Harmonic Study and Analysis? Definition of harmonic wave distortion study and analysis is activity performed to determine harmonic disturbance levels and filtering requirements within a facility and to determine if harmonic voltages and currents are at acceptable level —Omazaki Engineering is a consultant who serves harmonic studies and analysis consulting services. If you are looking for harmonic disturbance study and analysis consultants company for your project or electricity system facilities in Indonesia and South East Asia contact us

What is Motor Starting Study and Analysis? The definition of electric motor starting study and analysis is an activity to determine and analyze the behavior of a motor during its starting stage. This study is usually applied to large motors. Motor starting analysis includes evaluation of the starting current, voltage drop, voltage dip, and required start time. Motor starting studies are carried out in large commercial and industrial systems where a large capacity motor can have undesirable consequences on the

What is Power System Transient Stability Study? Transient stability study is studies and analysis of the response of a system to disturbances such as loss of generation, line-switching operations, faults, and sudden load changes in the first few seconds after a disturbance. After the disturbance, the synchronous machine frequency experiences a transient deviation from the synchronous frequency. The purpose of the transient stability study is to determine whether the machine will return to synchronous frequency after a disturbance – Omazaki

What is Protection Coordination Study? The electrical protection coordination study is a study or analysis to determine the setting of protection relay and circuit breaker. Its main purpose is to obtain an optimal compromise between protection and selectivity. The study includes determining fault clearing time and coordination of upstream electrical protective equipment. Proper coordination and disruption clearing times can help reduce damage to electrical equipment and protect workers from harm. Study and analysis of coordination of protection equipment is one

What is Power Quality Study? Electric power quality study is a systematic analysis to identify power qualities issues, look for the root causes and recommendations for improvement in an electrical system. Those issues are such as surges, harmonics, high frequency noise, transient voltages, wave distortion, interruptions, frequency variations, etc. Power quality studies are also meant a focused and systematic approach to solve complex problems in a power system. Power qualities analysis is for new builds and for existing plants. All

What is Short Circuit Study? Definition of short circuit study is an examination or analysis or evaluation of an electrical system to determine the magnitude of currents that can flow during an electrical fault and compare those values to the ratings of installed equipment and short circuit protection devices. It is activities related to short-circuit analysis, including design considerations for new systems, analytical studies for existing systems, as well as operational and model validation considerations for industrial and commercial power

What is Load Flow Study? The definition of a load flow study, or power flow studies, is a numerical analysis of the flow of electric power in any electrical system. A load flow study is also an assessment of the steady-state conditions of the electrical system. Its goal is to determine the flow of power, current, voltage, real power and reactive power in a system under any load conditions. During the design phase of a new project or when evaluating

What is Power System Study & Analysis? The power system study is made up of several electrical engineering analysis and investigations. Electric power system study is also a group of studies used to analyze a power systems response to events over different time periods. An electric power system is a network of electrical components deployed to supply, transfer, and use electric power. The ultimate goals of power system studies are to have a safe, efficient and reliable power systems for

What is Arc Flash Study? An arc flash study or risk assessment is engineering studies that identifies and analysis the specific arc flash hazard for an electrical equipment within a facility. The study or assessment of the arc flash hazard risk is an engineering study. This is with certain procedures to determine the amount of incident energy at an electrical facility or device. From the amount of incident energy, the arc flash hazard level will be determined, personal protective equipment

Introduction to Arc Flash Boundary In this article we will briefly discuss the distance limit and the safe and unsafe area of an electrical equipment and equipment from the risk of electric arc flash. The distance limit or area is often referred to as arc flash boundary. There are several terms related to arc flash boundaries called approach boundary. Approach boundaries will also be discussed briefly in this article. In each boundary and area requirements will be discussed in the

Arc Flash Hazard Calculations In the previous article we have discussed the definition, hazards, level of risk (read: Arc Flash: Definition, Hazards and Risks) and the causes of arc flash (read: Arc Flash Causes Analysis). This article will discuss in more detail the standards and methods of calculation or how to calculate the value of the arc flash hazards or incident energy and boundary with a mathematical calculating formula developed by IEEE 1584. ——————————————— IEEE 1584 – Guide for Performing